Asst Professor, Department of Pathology, RVS institute of Medical Sciences, Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Senior resident, Department of Surgical Oncology, SVIMS, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Alzheimer’s Disease ,Extra Cellular Matrix ,Neurological Diseases ,Biomarkers ,Psychology. ,

β- amyloid senile plaques (SPs) disposition is the pathological hallmark of AD, which also includes disposition of cerebral amyloid angiopathy which results in synaptic loss by disposition of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). However, in recent studies the focus of cell related changes like extracellular matrix changes have been put into consideration. Glypican, syndecans & agrin which are HSPGs, were found associated with SPs and NFTs. In cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), Glypican-1 co-localized with AD has been reported very often. vascular Aβ in AD is also reported in hereditary AD and cerebral hemorrhage cases. Both in down’s syndrome and in AD, the HS staining was found in primitive plaques. Which represents there accumulation as early symptom of the disease. HSPG was associated with blood vessels within the brain parenchyma in non-affected areas of the brain. The parameters like age of patients at the time of death, gender, age at which the disease has been diagnosed, breakage stage of the patient and the principal pathological diagnosis have been recorded. On site it was observed that among total number of patients of 45, 23 where of male and 22 where of female patients, the age of patients lied between 40 to 90 years, with a mean age of 66.7±0.88 and if any delay in the process of atopsy was also recorded and the delay time lied between 3 to 51 hours. The age at which the patient was diagnosed to have neurological (brain related) problem have also been recorded which were available only for few patients included in the study. From the study we conclude that the changes in ECM can be considered as potential biomarkers for diagnosing AD, by laboratory studies of plasma, and other imaging techniques. Animal models can also be used for further studies of assessing braak stage of the disease

9 , 2 , 2019